# 在集群中使用级联删除

LLMS index: [llms.txt](/llms.txt)

---

<!--
title: Use Cascading Deletion in a Cluster
content_type: task
weight: 360
-->

<!--overview-->

<!--
This page shows you how to specify the type of
[cascading deletion](/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/#cascading-deletion)
to use in your cluster during <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 用于清理集群资源的各种机制的统称。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/' target='_blank' aria-label='garbage collection'>garbage collection</a>.
-->
本页面向你展示如何设置在你的集群执行<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 用于清理集群资源的各种机制的统称。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/' target='_blank' aria-label='垃圾收集'>垃圾收集</a>
时要使用的[级联删除](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/#cascading-deletion)
类型。

## 准备开始

<!--
You need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must
be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a
cluster, you can create one by using
[minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/tutorials/multi_node/)
or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:
-->
<p>你必须拥有一个 Kubernetes 的集群，且必须配置 kubectl 命令行工具让其与你的集群通信。
建议运行本教程的集群至少有两个节点，且这两个节点不能作为控制平面主机。
如果你还没有集群，你可以通过 <a href="https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/tutorials/multi_node/">Minikube</a>
构建一个你自己的集群，或者你可以使用下面的 Kubernetes 练习环境之一：</p>
<!--
* [iximiuz Labs](https://labs.iximiuz.com/playgrounds?category=kubernetes&filter=all)
* [Killercoda](https://killercoda.com/playgrounds/scenario/kubernetes)
* [KodeKloud](https://kodekloud.com/public-playgrounds)
-->
<ul>
<li><a href="https://labs.iximiuz.com/playgrounds?category=kubernetes&filter=all">iximiuz Labs</a></li>
<li><a href="https://killercoda.com/playgrounds/scenario/kubernetes">Killercoda</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kodekloud.com/public-playgrounds">KodeKloud</a></li>
</ul>


<!--
You also need to [create a sample Deployment](/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/#creating-and-exploring-an-nginx-deployment) 
to experiment with the different types of cascading deletion. You will need to
recreate the Deployment for each type.
-->
你还需要[创建一个 Deployment 示例](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/#creating-and-exploring-an-nginx-deployment)
以试验不同类型的级联删除。你需要为每种级联删除类型来重建 Deployment。

<!--
## Check owner references on your pods

Check that the `ownerReferences` field is present on your pods:
-->
## 检查 Pod 上的属主引用    {#check-owner-references-on-your-pods}

检查确认你的 Pods 上存在 `ownerReferences` 字段：

```shell 
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx --output=yaml
```

<!--
The output has an `ownerReferences` field similar to this:
-->
输出中包含 `ownerReferences` 字段，类似这样：

```yaml
apiVersion: v1
    ...
    ownerReferences:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      blockOwnerDeletion: true
      controller: true
      kind: ReplicaSet
      name: nginx-deployment-6b474476c4
      uid: 4fdcd81c-bd5d-41f7-97af-3a3b759af9a7
    ...
```

<!--
## Use foreground cascading deletion {#use-foreground-cascading-deletion}

By default, Kubernetes uses [background cascading deletion](/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/#background-deletion)
to delete dependents of an object. You can switch to foreground cascading deletion
using either `kubectl` or the Kubernetes API, depending on the Kubernetes
version your cluster runs. 
 <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>

-->
## 使用前台级联删除    {#use-foreground-cascading-deletion}

默认情况下，Kubernetes 使用[后台级联删除](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/#background-deletion)
以删除依赖某对象的其他对象。取决于你的集群所运行的 Kubernetes 版本，
你可以使用 `kubectl` 或者 Kubernetes API 来切换到前台级联删除。

 <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>



<!--
You can delete objects using foreground cascading deletion using `kubectl` or the
Kubernetes API.
-->
你可以使用 `kubectl` 或者 Kubernetes API 来基于前台级联删除来删除对象。

<!--
**Using kubectl**

Run the following command:
-->
**使用 kubectl**

运行下面的命令：

<!--TODO: verify release after which the --cascade flag is switched to a string in https://github.com/kubernetes/kubectl/commit/fd930e3995957b0093ecc4b9fd8b0525d94d3b4e-->

```shell
kubectl delete deployment nginx-deployment --cascade=foreground
```

<!--
**Using the Kubernetes API**
-->
**使用 Kubernetes API**

<!--
1. Start a local proxy session:
-->
1. 启动一个本地代理会话：

   ```shell
   kubectl proxy --port=8080
   ```

<!--
1. Use `curl` to trigger deletion:
-->
2. 使用 `curl` 来触发删除操作：

   ```shell
   curl -X DELETE localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx-deployment \
       -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Foreground"}' \
       -H "Content-Type: application/json"
   ```

   <!--
   The output contains a `foregroundDeletion` <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='一个带有命名空间的键，告诉 Kubernetes 等到特定的条件被满足后， 再完全删除被标记为删除的资源。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/finalizers/' target='_blank' aria-label='finalizer'>finalizer</a>
   like this:
   -->
   输出中包含 `foregroundDeletion` <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='一个带有命名空间的键，告诉 Kubernetes 等到特定的条件被满足后， 再完全删除被标记为删除的资源。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/finalizers/' target='_blank' aria-label='finalizer'>finalizer</a>，
   类似这样：

   ```
   "kind": "Deployment",
   "apiVersion": "apps/v1",
   "metadata": {
       "name": "nginx-deployment",
       "namespace": "default",
       "uid": "d1ce1b02-cae8-4288-8a53-30e84d8fa505",
       "resourceVersion": "1363097",
       "creationTimestamp": "2021-07-08T20:24:37Z",
       "deletionTimestamp": "2021-07-08T20:27:39Z",
       "finalizers": [
         "foregroundDeletion"
       ]
       ...
   ```


<!--
## Use background cascading deletion {#use-background-cascading-deletion}
-->
## 使用后台级联删除 {#use-background-cascading-deletion}

<!--
1. [Create a sample Deployment](/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/#creating-and-exploring-an-nginx-deployment).
1. Use either `kubectl` or the Kubernetes API to delete the Deployment,
   depending on the Kubernetes version your cluster runs. 
 <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>

-->
1. [创建一个 Deployment 示例](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/#creating-and-exploring-an-nginx-deployment)。
1. 基于你的集群所运行的 Kubernetes 版本，使用 `kubectl` 或者 Kubernetes API 来删除 Deployment。
   
    <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>



<!--
You can delete objects using background cascading deletion using `kubectl`
or the Kubernetes API.

Kubernetes uses background cascading deletion by default, and does so
even if you run the following commands without the `--cascade` flag or the
`propagationPolicy` argument.
-->
你可以使用 `kubectl` 或者 Kubernetes API 来执行后台级联删除方式的对象删除操作。

Kubernetes 默认采用后台级联删除方式，如果你在运行下面的命令时不指定
`--cascade` 标志或者 `propagationPolicy` 参数时，用这种方式来删除对象。

<!--
**Using kubectl**

Run the following command:
-->
**使用 kubectl**

运行下面的命令：

```shell
kubectl delete deployment nginx-deployment --cascade=background
```

<!--
**Using the Kubernetes API**
-->
**使用 Kubernetes API**

<!--
1. Start a local proxy session:
-->
1. 启动一个本地代理会话：

   ```shell
   kubectl proxy --port=8080
   ```

<!--
1. Use `curl` to trigger deletion:
-->
2. 使用 `curl` 来触发删除操作：

   ```shell
   curl -X DELETE localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx-deployment \
       -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Background"}' \
       -H "Content-Type: application/json"
   ```

   <!--
   The output is similar to this:
   -->
   输出类似于：

   ```
   "kind": "Status",
   "apiVersion": "v1",
   ...
   "status": "Success",
   "details": {
       "name": "nginx-deployment",
       "group": "apps",
       "kind": "deployments",
       "uid": "cc9eefb9-2d49-4445-b1c1-d261c9396456"
   }
   ```


<!--
## Delete owner objects and orphan dependents {#set-orphan-deletion-policy}

By default, when you tell Kubernetes to delete an object, the
<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='控制器通过 API 服务器监控集群的公共状态，并致力于将当前状态转变为期望的状态。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/controller/' target='_blank' aria-label='controller'>controller</a> also deletes
dependent objects. You can make Kubernetes *orphan* these dependents using
`kubectl` or the Kubernetes API, depending on the Kubernetes version your
cluster runs. 
 <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>

-->
## 删除属主对象和孤立的依赖对象   {#set-orphan-deletion-policy}

默认情况下，当你告诉 Kubernetes 删除某个对象时，
<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='控制器通过 API 服务器监控集群的公共状态，并致力于将当前状态转变为期望的状态。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/controller/' target='_blank' aria-label='控制器'>控制器</a> 也会删除依赖该对象
的其他对象。
取决于你的集群所运行的 Kubernetes 版本，你也可以使用 `kubectl` 或者 Kubernetes
API 来让 Kubernetes *孤立* 这些依赖对象。
 <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>



<!--
**Using kubectl**

Run the following command:
-->
**使用 kubectl**

运行下面的命令：

```shell
kubectl delete deployment nginx-deployment --cascade=orphan
```

<!--
**Using the Kubernetes API**
-->
**使用 Kubernetes API**

<!--
1. Start a local proxy session:
-->
1. 启动一个本地代理会话：

   ```shell
   kubectl proxy --port=8080
   ```

<!--
1. Use `curl` to trigger deletion:
-->
2. 使用 `curl` 来触发删除操作：

   ```shell
   curl -X DELETE localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx-deployment \
       -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Orphan"}' \
       -H "Content-Type: application/json"
   ```

   <!--
   The output contains `orphan` in the `finalizers` field, similar to this:
   -->
   输出中在 `finalizers` 字段中包含 `orphan`，如下所示：

   ```
   "kind": "Deployment",
   "apiVersion": "apps/v1",
   "namespace": "default",
   "uid": "6f577034-42a0-479d-be21-78018c466f1f",
   "creationTimestamp": "2021-07-09T16:46:37Z",
   "deletionTimestamp": "2021-07-09T16:47:08Z",
   "deletionGracePeriodSeconds": 0,
   "finalizers": [
     "orphan"
   ],
   ...
   ```


<!--
You can check that the Pods managed by the Deployment are still running:
-->
你可以检查 Deployment 所管理的 Pods 仍然处于运行状态：

```shell
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx
```

## 接下来

<!--
* Learn about [owners and dependents](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/owners-dependents/) in Kubernetes.
* Learn about Kubernetes [finalizers](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/finalizers/).
* Learn about [garbage collection](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/garbage-collection/).
-->
* 了解 Kubernetes 中的[属主与依赖](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/owners-dependents/)
* 了解 Kubernetes [finalizers](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/finalizers/)
* 了解[垃圾收集](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/).