# 将 Pod 分配给节点

LLMS index: [llms.txt](/llms.txt)

---

<!--
title: Assign Pods to Nodes
content_type: task
weight: 150
-->

<!-- overview -->
<!--
This page shows how to assign a Kubernetes Pod to a particular node in a
Kubernetes cluster.
-->
此页面显示如何将 Kubernetes Pod 指派给 Kubernetes 集群中的特定节点。

## 准备开始

<!--
You need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must
be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a
cluster, you can create one by using
[minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/tutorials/multi_node/)
or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:
-->
<p>你必须拥有一个 Kubernetes 的集群，且必须配置 kubectl 命令行工具让其与你的集群通信。
建议运行本教程的集群至少有两个节点，且这两个节点不能作为控制平面主机。
如果你还没有集群，你可以通过 <a href="https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/tutorials/multi_node/">Minikube</a>
构建一个你自己的集群，或者你可以使用下面的 Kubernetes 练习环境之一：</p>
<!--
* [iximiuz Labs](https://labs.iximiuz.com/playgrounds?category=kubernetes&filter=all)
* [Killercoda](https://killercoda.com/playgrounds/scenario/kubernetes)
* [KodeKloud](https://kodekloud.com/public-playgrounds)
-->
<ul>
<li><a href="https://labs.iximiuz.com/playgrounds?category=kubernetes&filter=all">iximiuz Labs</a></li>
<li><a href="https://killercoda.com/playgrounds/scenario/kubernetes">Killercoda</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kodekloud.com/public-playgrounds">KodeKloud</a></li>
</ul>
 
  <p>要获知版本信息，请输入  <code>kubectl version</code>.</p>


<!-- steps -->

<!--
## Add a label to a node

1. List the <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 中的工作机器称作节点。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/' target='_blank' aria-label='nodes'>nodes</a> in your cluster, along with their labels:
-->
## 给节点添加标签  {#add-a-label-to-a-node}

1. 列出你的集群中的<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 中的工作机器称作节点。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/' target='_blank' aria-label='节点'>节点</a>，
   包括这些节点上的标签：

   ```shell
   kubectl get nodes --show-labels
   ```

   <!--
   The output is similar to this:
   -->
   输出类似如下：

   ```shell
   NAME      STATUS    ROLES    AGE     VERSION        LABELS
   worker0   Ready     <none>   1d      v1.13.0        ...,kubernetes.io/hostname=worker0
   worker1   Ready     <none>   1d      v1.13.0        ...,kubernetes.io/hostname=worker1
   worker2   Ready     <none>   1d      v1.13.0        ...,kubernetes.io/hostname=worker2
   ```

<!--
1. Choose one of your nodes, and add a label to it:
-->
2. 从你的节点中选择一个，为它添加标签：

   ```shell
   kubectl label nodes <your-node-name> disktype=ssd
   ```

   <!--
   where `<your-node-name>` is the name of your chosen node.
   -->
   `<your-node-name>` 是你选择的节点的名称。

<!--
1. Verify that your chosen node has a `disktype=ssd` label:
-->
3. 验证你选择的节点确实带有 `disktype=ssd` 标签：

   ```shell
   kubectl get nodes --show-labels
   ```

   <!--
   The output is similar to this:
   -->
   输出类似如下：

   ```shell
   NAME      STATUS    ROLES    AGE     VERSION        LABELS
   worker0   Ready     <none>   1d      v1.13.0        ...,disktype=ssd,kubernetes.io/hostname=worker0
   worker1   Ready     <none>   1d      v1.13.0        ...,kubernetes.io/hostname=worker1
   worker2   Ready     <none>   1d      v1.13.0        ...,kubernetes.io/hostname=worker2
   ```
   <!--
   In the preceding output, you can see that the `worker0` node has a
   `disktype=ssd` label.
   -->
   在前面的输出中，你可以看到 `worker0` 节点有 `disktype=ssd` 标签。

<!--
## Create a pod that gets scheduled to your chosen node

This pod configuration file describes a pod that has a node selector,
`disktype: ssd`. This means that the pod will get scheduled on a node that has
a `disktype=ssd` label.
-->
## 创建一个将被调度到你选择的节点的 Pod  {#create-a-pod-scheduled-to-chosen-node}

此 Pod 配置文件描述了一个拥有节点选择器 `disktype: ssd` 的 Pod。这表明该 Pod
将被调度到有 `disktype=ssd` 标签的节点。


















<div class="highlight code-sample">
    <div class="copy-code-icon">
    <a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/website/main/content/zh-cn/examples/pods/pod-nginx.yaml" download="pods/pod-nginx.yaml"><code>pods/pod-nginx.yaml</code>
    </a><img src="/images/copycode.svg" class="icon-copycode" onclick="copyCode('pods-pod-nginx-yaml')" title="复制 pods/pod-nginx.yaml 到剪贴板"></img></div>
    <div class="includecode" id="pods-pod-nginx-yaml"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">v1</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">Pod</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">env</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">test</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span>- <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">imagePullPolicy</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">IfNotPresent</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">nodeSelector</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">disktype</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">ssd</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
</div>

<!--
1. Use the configuration file to create a pod that will get scheduled on your
   chosen node:
-->
1. 使用该配置文件创建一个 Pod，该 Pod 将被调度到你选择的节点上：

   ```shell
   kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/pod-nginx.yaml
   ```

<!--
1. Verify that the pod is running on your chosen node:
-->
2. 验证 Pod 确实运行在你选择的节点上：

   ```shell
   kubectl get pods --output=wide
   ```

   <!--
   The output is similar to this:
   -->
   输出类似如下：

   ```shell
   NAME     READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP           NODE
   nginx    1/1       Running   0          13s    10.200.0.4   worker0
   ```

<!--
## Create a pod that gets scheduled to specific node

You can also schedule a pod to one specific node via setting `nodeName`.
-->
## 创建一个会被调度到特定节点上的 Pod  {#create-a-pod-scheduled-to-specific-node}

你也可以通过设置 `nodeName` 将某个 Pod 调度到特定的节点。


















<div class="highlight code-sample">
    <div class="copy-code-icon">
    <a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/website/main/content/zh-cn/examples/pods/pod-nginx-specific-node.yaml" download="pods/pod-nginx-specific-node.yaml"><code>pods/pod-nginx-specific-node.yaml</code>
    </a><img src="/images/copycode.svg" class="icon-copycode" onclick="copyCode('pods-pod-nginx-specific-node-yaml')" title="复制 pods/pod-nginx-specific-node.yaml 到剪贴板"></img></div>
    <div class="includecode" id="pods-pod-nginx-specific-node-yaml"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">v1</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">Pod</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">nodeName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">foo-node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># 调度 Pod 到特定的节点</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span>- <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">imagePullPolicy</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">IfNotPresent</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
</div>

<!--
Use the configuration file to create a pod that will get scheduled on `foo-node` only.
-->
使用此配置文件来创建一个 Pod，该 Pod 将只能被调度到 `foo-node` 节点。

## 接下来

<!--
* Learn more about [labels and selectors](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/).
* Learn more about [nodes](/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/).
-->
* 进一步了解[标签和选择算符](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/)
* 进一步了解[节点](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/)
