# 仅在某些节点上运行 Pod

LLMS index: [llms.txt](/llms.txt)

---

<!--
title: Running Pods on Only Some Nodes
content_type: task
weight: 30
-->

<!-- overview -->

<!--
This page demonstrates how can you run <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Pod 表示你的集群上一组正在运行的容器。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/' target='_blank' aria-label='Pods'>Pods</a>
on only some <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 中的工作机器称作节点。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/' target='_blank' aria-label='Nodes'>Nodes</a> as part of a
<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='确保 Pod 的副本在集群中的一组节点上运行。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/' target='_blank' aria-label='DaemonSet'>DaemonSet</a>
-->
本页演示了你如何能够仅在某些<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 中的工作机器称作节点。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/' target='_blank' aria-label='节点'>节点</a>上作为
<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='确保 Pod 的副本在集群中的一组节点上运行。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/' target='_blank' aria-label='DaemonSet'>DaemonSet</a>
的一部分运行<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Pod 表示你的集群上一组正在运行的容器。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/' target='_blank' aria-label='Pod'>Pod</a>。

## 准备开始

<!--
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<p>你必须拥有一个 Kubernetes 的集群，且必须配置 kubectl 命令行工具让其与你的集群通信。
建议运行本教程的集群至少有两个节点，且这两个节点不能作为控制平面主机。
如果你还没有集群，你可以通过 <a href="https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/tutorials/multi_node/">Minikube</a>
构建一个你自己的集群，或者你可以使用下面的 Kubernetes 练习环境之一：</p>
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<!--
## Running Pods on only some Nodes

Imagine that you want to run a <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='确保 Pod 的副本在集群中的一组节点上运行。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/' target='_blank' aria-label='DaemonSet'>DaemonSet</a>, but you only need to run those daemon pods
on nodes that have local solid state (SSD) storage. For example, the Pod might provide cache service to the
node, and the cache is only useful when low-latency local storage is available.
-->
## 仅在某些节点上运行 Pod    {#running-pod-on-some-nodes}

设想一下你想要运行 <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='确保 Pod 的副本在集群中的一组节点上运行。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/' target='_blank' aria-label='DaemonSet'>DaemonSet</a>，
但你只需要在配备了本地固态 (SSD) 存储的节点上运行这些守护进程 Pod。
例如，Pod 可以向节点提供缓存服务，而缓存仅在低延迟本地存储可用时才有用。

<!--
### Step 1: Add labels to your nodes

Add the label `ssd=true` to the nodes which have SSDs.
-->
### 第 1 步：为节点打标签

在配有 SSD 的节点上打标签 `ssd=true`。

```shell
kubectl label nodes example-node-1 example-node-2 ssd=true
```

<!--
### Step 2: Create the manifest

Let's create a <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='确保 Pod 的副本在集群中的一组节点上运行。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/' target='_blank' aria-label='DaemonSet'>DaemonSet</a> which
will provision the daemon pods on the SSD labeled <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 中的工作机器称作节点。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/' target='_blank' aria-label='nodes'>nodes</a> only.

Next, use a `nodeSelector` to ensure that the DaemonSet only runs Pods on nodes
with the `ssd` label set to `"true"`.
-->
### 第 2 步：创建清单

让我们创建一个 <a class='glossary-tooltip' title='确保 Pod 的副本在集群中的一组节点上运行。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/' target='_blank' aria-label='DaemonSet'>DaemonSet</a>，
它将仅在打了 SSD 标签的<a class='glossary-tooltip' title='Kubernetes 中的工作机器称作节点。' data-bs-toggle='tooltip' data-bs-placement='top' href='/zh-cn/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/' target='_blank' aria-label='节点'>节点</a>上制备守护进程 Pod。

接下来，使用 `nodeSelector` 确保 DaemonSet 仅在 `ssd` 标签设为 `"true"` 的节点上运行 Pod。


















<div class="highlight code-sample">
    <div class="copy-code-icon">
    <a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/website/main/content/zh-cn/examples/controllers/daemonset-label-selector.yaml" download="controllers/daemonset-label-selector.yaml"><code>controllers/daemonset-label-selector.yaml</code>
    </a><img src="/images/copycode.svg" class="icon-copycode" onclick="copyCode('controllers-daemonset-label-selector-yaml')" title="复制 controllers/daemonset-label-selector.yaml 到剪贴板"></img></div>
    <div class="includecode" id="controllers-daemonset-label-selector-yaml"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">apps/v1</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">DaemonSet</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">ssd-driver</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">nginx</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">matchLabels</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">ssd-driver-pod</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">template</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">ssd-driver-pod</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">nodeSelector</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">ssd</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&#34;true&#34;</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">        </span>- <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">example-container</span><span class="w">
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w">          </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">example-image</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
</div>

<!--
### Step 3: Create the DaemonSet

Create the DaemonSet from the manifest by using `kubectl create` or `kubectl apply`

Let's label another node as `ssd=true`.
-->
### 第 3 步：创建 DaemonSet

使用 `kubectl create` 或 `kubectl apply` 从清单创建 DaemonSet。

让我们为另一个节点打上标签 `ssd=true`。

```shell
kubectl label nodes example-node-3 ssd=true
```

<!--
Labelling the node automatically triggers the control plane (specifically, the DaemonSet controller)
to run a new daemon pod on that node.
-->
节点打上标签后将自动触发控制平面（具体而言是 DaemonSet 控制器）在该节点上运行新的守护进程 Pod。

```shell
kubectl get pods -o wide
```

<!--
The output is similar to:
-->
输出类似于：

```console
NAME                              READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP      NODE
<daemonset-name><some-hash-01>    1/1       Running   0          13s    .....   example-node-1
<daemonset-name><some-hash-02>    1/1       Running   0          13s    .....   example-node-2
<daemonset-name><some-hash-03>    1/1       Running   0          5s     .....   example-node-3
```
